Former Trump White House chief strategist Steve Bannon and pro-tariff author John Gardner developed the idea of the “external revenue service,” and then introduced it to one of Trump’s aides, according to a person familiar with the matter.” - The Wall Street Journal 
 
“- takes on such economic titans as Milton Friedman, Thomas Sowell, and Paul Krugman in his defense of tariffs-“ -Booklife
 

John Gardner

John Gardner is an entrepreneur and autodidact with two decades of experience in American manufacturing. After a traumatic injury as a teenager, he dropped out of high school and left Ohio to pursue his dreams in California. He slept in his car, ate canned food, and worked at restaurants. At the age of twenty-five, he started a business out of his apartment based on a cutting tool his father had engineered. By overcoming adversity with determination and tenacity, he now sells his product to the US Navy, NASA, Lockheed Martin, Ford Motor, the FAA, and thousands of other companies. 
 

John published Manufacture Local in July 2024 which first detailed the concept of the External Revenue Service. 

 

On Jan 11, 2025 John spoke publicly about the External Revenue Service on Steve Bannon’s WarRoom podcast.

 

On Jan 14, 2025 President Trump announced on Truth social that he was would create the External Revenue Service.

 

On Jan 17, 2025 the Wall Street Journal reported:

”Former Trump White House chief strategist Steve Bannon and pro-tariff author John Gardner developed the idea of the “external revenue service,” and then introduced it to one of Trump’s aides, according to a person familiar with the matter."

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